Scripture: Genesis 11:1–9
People in the land of Shinar build a city and a tower 'with its top in the heavens', and God scatters them.
cities were dominated by , stepped temple towers built of mud brick. Babylon's great ziggurat, Etemenanki ('House of the foundation of heaven and earth'), was rebuilt by Nebuchadnezzar II. Koldewey's excavations (1899–1917) traced its foundations. Genesis 11:3 notes the builders used baked brick and bitumen instead of stone and mortar, which is exactly the Mesopotamian technique.
Babylon, IraqView on OpenStreetMap
